What is time?

Science and sports coaches make athletes win or lose by fraction of seconds while the rest of us dismiss as an nick picking accuracy. Where do we begin measure the time in sport trails. A very good case in point with TV motor sport commentators. They announce nose to tail following distance dramas in decimals of a second.

A second is really a long time. It is the time we say "One thousand and one" the time the second hand of analogue clock moves a division. It is measured in the standard metric prefix units (mill lee) for a thousandth, micro a millionth, nano a thousand millionth and even pico for a billionth. Seventh hundred and fifty milliseconds is three quarter second, five hundred a half, three hundred a third, two hundred and fifty a quarter, a hundred and twenty five an eighth and a hundred a tenth second respectively.By that time the second hand of clocks move a division and with a bit of practice saying one thousand and one while we pace a distance we can become pretty good at judging we walk a meter in that time.

We can do the math's on this walking a meter per second adding all the second of an hour. As there is a thousand meters in a kilometer when we walk a kilometer 1 thousand 600 meters becomes 3.6kmph walking velocity.

By the time we walked a meter light in space light had traveled 299 million 792 thousand and 458 meters to be exact. As there is a thousand meters in a kilometer, just under the 300thouasnd kilometers threshold.

Albert Einstein's special theory of reality says at high speed motion we observe the environment's second stretched longer. For example the second hand of a wall clock observed moving a single division in two seconds. In other words for every one second we observe the environment two of the environment's pass respectively. To observe the environment's second twice as slow we would be traveling twice as fast as the environment's second. From the environment's point of view we would be two seconds in the future every second.

Operating on the principle if we travel though time twice as slow as the environment's second everything observed in reverse of the latter. We would observe the environment two seconds into the future every second while from the environment's point of view we'd slowed down in time twice as slow, or by two seconds for the environment's one second.

Normally the second hand of an analogue clock moves each division as the minute hand looks frozen in time. If we concentrate on every second whether an analogue or digital time piece we notice every second gets longer and longer. By the time a quarter minute had become a significant amount of time let a lone half minute. The last 5 seconds of the minute will be the longest. I bet that will be the longest minute you'll ever sit though.

When we observe the second hand move a full circle the minute hand always looked stationary despite it moved a division. On some clocks we can barely observe it move.

Despite observing the second hand moved round the face 60 full circles we never notice the minute hand moved only once. And once more by that time the stationary hour hand only moved one division. The minute and hour of these moving hands are too slow to observe moving.

If we do the math's adding up all the seconds in an hour tells us every hour is 3,600 times as slow as every second. In other words an hour long TV program is 3,600 as slow as every second in the hour. Unlike the second every minute and the hour is to slow to observe moving.

Every 12 midnight is a date change to the next calendar day. We never observe the hour hand moving the two full circles one for a.m. and repeating the cycle for p.m. The hour moves from the first second 12 midnight in the a.m. to 12 midday for one whole circle, then to the last second 12 midnight completing the p.m. circle, a total of 86 thousand 400 seconds in every date change.

The movement of light moves though time as the earth blocks the sun's light each side of the earth traveling round it. It is to slow for us to observe the changes from the pitch black of night to the bight of day. So too, in the evening. In fact even if we wait observing the sun rise from pitch black to bright daylight and vice versa. It takes practice and patient skills to observe the movement of light to change from one extreme to the other as the sun's light crosses the earth.

If we take a working week we can add up all the seconds from the first second 12 midnight Monday morning to the last second 12 midnight the following Sunday night. And we can add up the seconds of every calendar month.

If we multiply all the seconds of a day multiplied by 365 in a year we have all the seconds from the first second 12 midnight news years morning to the last 12 midnight new years eve. If we take into account of the extra day at the end of February every leap year we can add up all the seconds of a decade, a century to a millennia. (A thousand years). We can even project all the seconds in a million years a billion and even in a trillion centuries. We don't have to stop there we can go infinitely beyond.

If we known the second we were born we can work out how old we are in seconds. Being impractical even up to the minute the best we can do is work how old we are in days. (Don't forget to count all the leap years in you life up to the current day).

Never the less this does not account for the international dates between every country in the world let a lone compensating for daylight saving issues. What clocks tell you 6.a.m. in the morning in one part of the world on the other side will read anywhere between, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9.p.m. respectively. There is no part of the world where the time is equally simultaneous. Even between cities inside a country can be different from a few seconds to as much as a few hours.

If we study digital clocks they show every time the second numbers become 59 the minute and hour numbers change back to a double zero when the proceeding number changes to the next number. The last second of a day is 11.59:59 (11 hours 59 minutes and 59 seconds) where the first second of the next day begins at 00:00:00 beginning the first minute.

By the time we say "One thousand and one" the second ends at 00:00:01. The next second ends at 00:00:02 and the third second ends at 00:00:03 and so on. The minute doesn't end till the seconds reach 00:00.59 where 00:01:00 begins the first minute. The Hour doesn't end till 00:59:59 in which case the next hour begins at 01:00:00 and so on where the first second of the hour ends at 01:00:01 and so on.

Every date change of each day is 86,400 times as slow as a every second. Math's projects the reciprocal of 86,400 every second is 86,00th of a day (Or 1 divide 86,400). We can not observe the minute and hour parts of the day move as quickly as every second. The minutes, hours and days are to slow to observe moving let a lone weeks, months to a year and decades.

As light travels 300,000km in a second is a light second. It is a constant in every second. As light takes just under 8 minutes to reach us from the nearest star (our sun) is 8 light minutes away from earth. If we take all the seconds in an hour multiplied by 300,000km gives the kilometers light traveled by the time an hour long TV program, a light hour. The same is true if we add up the seconds in each week, a light week away from earth. The same with each calendar month. All the second of a year times a light second gives the distance in kilometers light had traveled.

If we take into account of the extra day at the end of every February every fourth leap year we can calculate the seconds of a decade, a century, a millennia, (a thousand years) a million a billon and even trillions of centuries light traveled the universe traveling 300,000km every second.

Operating on the principle every second is the time we say "One thousand and one" sports coaches and science win or lose our sports heroes by fractions of using the standard metric prefix system a microsecond is a thousandth of a millisecond projecting a millionth second (0.000001s). A nano second is a thousandth of a microsecond projecting a thousand millionth second.(0.000000000001s), and a Terasecond 15 decimal zeros.

Theoretically a fraction of a second can be any number of decimal zeros you like, 99, thousands, millions, billons, even trillions of decimal zeros tiny. There can be no limit to the number of zeros. The only limit is us.

Inversely reciprocals are essentially the same number of decimal places but positive. For example the 3 zeros of 0.001 second on the right of the 1 making it a thousand seconds. It tells us reciprocals are every light second. For example is 31 million 536 thousand 400 millionth of a year is a second when we add up all the seconds of a year relatively speaking only 9 decimal places both minus and plus.

So if a light second is a distance of just under 300,000km in a second 1km is the distance light travels correspondingly the same just 300,00th of a second. Mathematics projects 1 dived 300,000 as decimal 0.0000033 (or 3 microseconds 3kkmph).

Light is made up of particles called photons vigorous with energy giving it it's wave like characteristics. According to classical physicist each photon accelerates to a peak velocity, slows down to a stop to reverses direction reaccelerates to a peak velocity slows down and stops to reverse direction repeating the cycle at a frequency of 405 to 790 THz. Tera hertz, Tera from the standard metric prefix system for 15 digit numbers in this case 4 0 5 with 12 zeros to 7 9 with 13 zeros cycles per second.

Scientific notation for such large numbers as these are written in decimal places just to the right of 10, one times ten 15 times. So for theses figures will be 4 point 0 5 times to the 15 and 7 point 9 times 10 to the 15. (4.5 x 1015 & 7.9 x 1015 ) per second respectively. The reciprocals point out the wavelength across the distance of the cycle is 4 point 0 5 times ten to the "minus" 10 to the 15 and 7.9 x 15 to the minus 1015 (4.05 x 10-15 & 7.9 x 10-15) of a meter. Math's points out minus the 6 zeros of a a micrometer unit gives us 4.05 x 10-9 and 7.9 x 10-9 of a micrometer. Note typical school rulers measure the thickness of a news paper page 1 micrometer 10-6 of a meter.

According to quantum physics photons are supposed to jump though time no more than a distance of 6.26 x 10-34th of a meter ( or 6.26 x 10-28th of a micrometer) called a Planck length as 6.26 x 10-34th of a second called a Planck second thus the smallest unit of time. Thus a quantum leap is a Planck distance in a Planck second. The reciprocal tells us the frequency in a second is 6.26 x 1034 Planck length and seconds. This quantum leap explains the classical physics link of the wavelength of one cycle of light per second.

If we were to travel at light speed the universe would observe us traveling the speed of light being 300,000 times faster. In effect from our point of view we would observe traveling in parallel with light speed. We would observe the universe the reciprocal, the distance of 300,000km of the universe slowed down to 300,000 seconds. If we do the math's on this works out to 3km/s. In other words sub light speed view point of the speed of light is 300,000km/s while a light speed point of view is the reciprocal where the universe is 3km/s respectively.

Math's points out going by the diameter of the earth light would travel just under 7 times round the entire circumference in a second, in other words by the time we say "One thousand and one." Multiplying 6.26 x 1034 by 7 gives does not give the frequency of the Planck length and seconds because 7 times in a light second.

If we measure a glob of the earth that is to scale of the earth's circumference with a piece of string and opened it out to a straight line and measure that times the time light travels round the earth in a second will give you the distance light travels in a straight line in a second. Thus the diameter of the earth times 7 is roughly the distance of a light second.

If we were to hug a few meters above sea level at light speed we would observe the environment's time as slow as the reciprocal of light speed. From our point of view every environment second will be 300,000 seconds. If we do the math's on this about the equivalent of a long weekend would pass for us for every environment second.

From the environment's point of view we would be 6 times close to 7 times round the world in the future every second. We on the other hand would observe every second appear as long as a long week end in every. The resulting stretch of the environment's second we would observe a number of environment changes.

First we would be traveling so fast we would be able to observe the second hand of a clock slowed down to equal moving a long weekend while the environment observes us 7 times round the world in a second if we could survive the inertia at that velocity.

Inertia is the property of motion expressed in Isaac Newton's laws of force and motion. According to Albert Einstein the inertia is so great at light speed the inertia would force the energy of light speed to crush and pulverize anything to atoms the equivalent of a force of gravity we express today as G-force. Think of the kilograms of weight we feel pulling us back into our seats in a straight line powerful muscle car acceleration of 0 to 80kmp (50mph) in less than a few seconds.

Einstein's famous e equals m c squared formulae tells us the pressure of the inertia on a piece of milligram of mater traveling on a light speed scale would be so great would incinerated to pure heat called plasma in less than a second.

There will be changes of the environment's dimensions. The environment would look like it's stretched way-way out of proportion as we know it at sub light speed, due to the stretched second. It's a bit like the aspect ratio of a wide screen TV stretching a standard square TV picture to fit the dimensions.

Not only that because we are traveling in parallel with the mains lighting frequency (an alternating current oscillating back and forth though the lighting sources ) alters the color cast of the environment from the pure white of florescent sources to the color of the ordinary off yellow color cast of common lamp bulbs coloring that environment at sub light speed. Not only the mains lighting but nature's coloring as well. The cool greens and blues would become the hot yellow and red colors.

Red light is the longest wavelength we can see and a purple blue (violet) is the shortest on a sub light speed scale. In other words we should observe the lowering of the cosmos electromagnetic radiation frequencies resulting in the cold blues and greens red shifted due to mowing faster than than the sub light speed second.

Math's tells us light speed is so fast it will calculate we should not be able to see any color at all because even the wavelength of violet is shifted long enough to be inferred wavelengths we can't see. The frequencies would be so low inferred cameras traveling on a light speed scale would be struggling to detect.

In fact math's projects we should be traveling in parallel with the supper high frequency (or supper short wavelengths ) of the cosmic radiation spewing from the sun thus observe them at the lower frequency colors we can observe.

Light speed is a fixed constant. We would be a constant velocity in a constant future every second not accelerating into the future every second. We should observe every second in every environment hour constant day and night, for weeks on end, month's even into years, decades, centuries, millennia, millions and billions years even trillions of environmental centuries every second equal to a long week end. How boring just to observe the colorful cosmic radiation.

On the other hand the environment would see us close to 7 times round the world in the future every second for an equal amount of time every second.

In open space despite the zero resistance of a vacuum light cannot go any faster. It is at it's maximum speed limit. Therefore we are observing the environment's time at it's slowest. We cannot observe it move any slower than a long week end per second. The environment's time appears stopped because it is to slow to observe moving because every environment second is as long as a long weekend.

If we were to view the second hand as slow as we normally observe the minute hand we would be a very slow 60 times faster than a sub light speed second to light speed standards.

From out point of view we would observe the reciprocal ( every 60th sub light speed second ) as a second. Theoretically we would be traveling in parallel with the mains alternating current frequency.

Our power is made up of the outer orbiting particles of the atom called electrons oscillating back and forth 60 times in a second we normally view as a steady light like torch light. But traveling on a minute faster than the sub light speed scale we would be traveling in parallel with the mains frequency. Theoretically we would view all the mains lighting throb from minim to maximum brightness once every second. In other words we would be viewing 60Hz as 1Hz every environment second. We would observe office workers frozen in time but things like electric fans that seem to be laboring for lack of power testimony of moving though time.

And what if we observe of the mains lighting if we were traveling though time an hour faster than sub light speed second? Math's projects we should observe the main frequency We'd view the mains lighting throb from minimum to maximum brightness once every minute. In other words a minute per cycle frequency. Not only that, but everything else in the environment would be changed every minute.